Back in the UK

Another long gap between posts, I know, but I have had the busiest month of my life! Since my last post, I have returned to the UK - with my CPL flight test passed! I had the flight exam last Wednesday and as I passed was able to return to the UK as scheduled the following day.

So before taking the CPL, I had to finish off the New Zealand IFR flight phase of training. This mainly consisted of some more SPIC flights - I didn't go anywhere too exciting, as the weather deteriorated and it got to the stage where I just needed to get up, fly and make sure that I could learn something (instead of plan flights in order to see the scenery!).

Rotorua Airport from the circuit

The flights were pretty standard and each would contain VOR/NDB DME approaches, some asymmetric flight, various holds and the DME arcs. The final IFR flight in NZ is your PT2, for which I flew to Tauranga. I was asked to fly there, enter the NDB hold, before commencing the NDB DME approach. From there, I did a missed approach, had a simulated engine failure and entered the hold again, although this time flying on just one engine. Once established I was cleared onwards to Hamilton, where I started the VOR approach from the 12 mile arc, which was also done asymmetrically.

The flights after this all go back to VFR. There are three CPL profiles before the actual flight exam and CTC try to keep you with the same instructor for the three flights. For anybody who doesn't know the CPL test contains the following:

• Ground work: mass and balance/performance/aircraft type knowledge
• Departure: start-up/taxi/takeoff/exit from the control zone
• Navigation: there is a planned nav leg, before completing an inflight diversion which you are given a few minutes before your arrival at the first destination. 
• General handling: steep turns/stalls (in clean/base-to-final configuration/finals configuration)
• Circuits: normal, flapless and asymmetric
• Instrument flight: partial panel airwork/compass turns/inadvertent entry into IMC/unusual attitudes recovery/position fix using a radio navigation aid
• Emergencies
• Arrival: entry into the control zone/landing/shut down

Each profile covers as much as possible and they give you a good idea of what to expect on the day. Before the flight, you will be given your nav destination, which you then plan along with your mass and balance and performance calculations. The examiner comes in after a reasonable time period and will ask about the route, how you planned it/fuel requirements etc, before asking about other preflight procedures. During flight, the examiner must be treated as a fare paying passenger with no knowledge of flying (unless otherwise specified!). This means apron safety briefings for them before walking out to the aircraft and when onboard, an aircraft safety briefing on emergency exits/fire extinguishers etc. For my CPL, I was sent to Whakamaru for my planned leg and then diverted to Rotomahana; the destinations given are usually pretty remote, as they are really testing your navigational skills. Once this section was complete, I was asked to take the examiner to Rotorua Airport for circuits, where I completed a normal and a flapless touch and go, after which I was given an engine failure after take off. This then led to an asymmetric circuit followed by a go around at asymmetric committal height. I was then given both engines back and vacated the control zone headed for Hamilton to complete the rest of the flight. I was given an alternator failure en route which I had to complete the drills for, before being asked to put on the instrument flight hood. Inadvertent entry into IMC drills were then completed before doing some basic flying; turns, climbing turns etc. Following this, I was asked to do some compass turns and a position fix and mark where I worked out I was on the VFR chart. Once I had put a cross on it, I had to put on the autopilot to demonstrate basic use of it whilst I took off the hood and had to prove the the examiner using external references that my fix was correct (which, thankfully, it was!). I then completed the general handling section, with the steep turns being before the stalls. Once this was complete, I was told there were flames coming out of the right hand engine, meaning I had to complete the engine fire drills, which are checklist memory items. This drill includes a full engine shut down, a requirement in the test, potentially followed by an emergency descent. Once the situation is under control and the drills are complete, you are asked to restart the dead engine. When everything was back to normal I was told to please return to Hamilton, where I would complete an asymmetric landing. After what was possibly my best asymm. landing yet, I taxied back to CTC, shut down the Twinstar and headed back into the training centre, where I was told I had met the flight test requirements and had passed! I don't think I have ever been so anxious, excited or relieved! After a debrief I headed back to Clearways to pack for my departure the following day. 

Extremely relieved with my CPL aircraft, ZK CTL

Inbetween all of this I also completed by VFR single engine night solo circuits flight which was incredible. It was great to fly solo again and was a fantastic way to say goodbye to the Cessna which taught me to fly - video to come!

Safe to say the flight home was a relatively stress free one, with six very relieved trainee pilots on board looking forward to home comforts! We head down to our new accommodation in Bournemouth on Sunday, ready for starting the BOH phase of training on Monday. 

Uh oh why has the engine stopped and back to IFR

A worrying sight!

I have now completed my five initial DA42 VFR flights, which are really there to just familiarise us with flying a new aircraft type - especially one with an extra engine, retractable gear and is a whole lot faster.

The last three lessons were asymmetric (so practicing flying with an engine out), with a lot of emphasis placed on engine failures during critical stages of flight ie. takeoff/go around when we are in the most vulnerable stage (low speed, high power setting).

In the first of the three flights, we were just learning how to control and identify engine failures in various situations and were given some form of emergency where it was necessary to read through the Quick Reference Handbook and follow the procedures in there, which always led to the engine having to be shut down. When the engine stops it is "feathered", meaning that less drag is being created. This is because the engine is no longer windmilling through the air; when feathered the aircraft's performance increases and it is a lot easier to control. After flying around for a bit with one of the engines feathered, we had a go at the engine restart procedure - always a bonus when the engine comes back to life!

The second asymmetric flight focussed on performance during an engine failure. This included lowering the gear and putting flaps to landing, with one engine failed. We maintained Vyse, which is the best rate of climb with an engine out, in order to see the effect raising flap and gear had on the climb performance. Engine failures after take off were also involved, as was an engine failure whilst climbing at Vy.

Asymmetric circuits were last, which brought it all together. The instructor would fail an engine (simulated) after rotation and so I had to control the aircraft and identify the failed engine, before completing more checks and maintaing positive performance for a circuit to land. The lesson was pretty intense, although was only an hour long.

I am back in the simulators for six IFR flights now. My first was yesterday and was NDB tracking and holding; the others involve more NDB, ILS, emergencies and DME arcs. Once these are done, I'm back into the Twinstar to fly IFR routes in it - before returning again to VFR to prepare for my CPL. Busy times ahead!

These photos are taken by Christian - so thanks to him! 

Me taking off from NZRO

Climb out from NZRO

Turns out you roll pretty quickly if you do nothing when the engine fails...

Exams: take 2

Well the mocks are over. I am now on study leave for my module 2 exams, which I take in a few weeks time. This time around I will be doing:

• General Navigation
• Radio Navigation
• Mass and Balance
• Human Performance and Limitations
• Performance
• Operations
• Flight Planning

These subjects are a lot more "hands on" and "piloty" than those in module 1 as they are a lot more practical. 

GNav is one of the subjects I have found the hardest in this module, I think mainly due to the formulas (I am not a lover of maths...). However it is very practical and includes charts as well as working out various times and dates in different time zones etc just by using coordinates.

RNav is mainly to do with radio aids and equipment such as radar and GPS. There are a few formulas you need to know, but apart from that it is just a case of learning all of the necessary information. 

Mass and Balance can be particularly tricky, as there are very few questions in the exam and each one can be worth a fair few marks, meaning there is very, very little room for error. 

HPL is one of my favourite subjects in this module, as I find it highly interesting (and we watched plenty of case study videos!). Learning about how our senses work, our minds and just exactly how flying is going to be affecting our bodies. 

Performance, 'lovingly' known as "POF 2" is actually not as bad as POF for me. I consider it as POF with fewer numbers. There are graphs to read lots of the answers off of and there are a lot more wordy questions.

Operations is another of my favourites. It is a bit like Air Law in module 1, although more orientated around airline work.

Flight Planning is a bit like GNav in the sense that there are some questions which can take a fair while to get an answer. There is a lot of chart work, SIDS and STARS (departure/arrival procedures at various airports) as well as fuel, time and distance calculations. 

All in all I am in a strange way looking forward to taking these exams, as I know that New Zealand is just on the other side of them. 

The CRP5 flight computer has been a key piece of equipment in module 2

An example of one of the flight planning tables we need to use

A bit more flight planning! 

Module 2 - so far!

Well I'm a few weeks into module 2 now where I am studying for the next seven exams. So far, we have completed Performance and Mass & Balance and are almost done with GNav, leaving RNav, Human Performance, Operations and Flight Planning. These subjects are a lot more practical than those we did in the first module and there are a lot more 'pilot-y' things to do. GNav is a massive subject and each question takes a fair amount of time to work out. Mass & Balance questions can also be quite lengthy, although it is only a small subject which lasted for two days. I'm looking forward to RNav, as we have been told there is a good chance we spend the afternoons in the simulators in pairs and also Flight Planning, as again, it is a very practical and useful subject.

I received my Mod 1 results on Tuesday and overall am very happy with them! Unfortunately I failed POF with 70%, so will retake that in July, just before I do my Mod 2 exams. With just several more weeks to go of ground school, the time really is flying by very fast!

Some familiar sights from GNav